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This proceedings contains 112 s that cover a wide range of topics related to microbiology. The s cover a wide range of topics related to microbiology, including new paradigms in a microbe-threatened world, the human-animal spillover of SARS-CoV-2 and its implications for public health, preparing for the next pandemic, antimicrobial resistance and the fight against it. Furthermore, tuberculosis, monkeypox, and their potential threat on a global scale are also discussed. The presentations also cover a variety of other topics, such as vaccines and vaccinations, COVID-19 vaccines, addressing vaccine hesitancy, key issues related to the COVID-19 healthcare system, regional support for outbreak preparedness, enhancing regional health security in Asia through genomic surveillance, the role of molecular diagnostic capacity in COVID-19 control, antimicrobial resistance in COVID-19 times, paediatric nosocomial infections, prescription ethics from a primary care perspective, the BCG vaccine and its relevance in the prevention of tuberculosis and beyond, tuberculosis as a forgotten pandemic, vector-borne diseases during COVID-19, the role of media advocacy in vector-borne diseases control and management, engaging communities in tackling vector-borne diseases, the way forward in managing mental health in the COVID-19 endemic phase, the spread of zoonotic diseases, and whole genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2: clinical applications and experience.
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The spread of the aggressive disease caused by the novel respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had an impact not only on the health and psyche of people, but also on the state of health systems in different countries, by complicating the treatment and diagnostic process. These changes have affected patients with cancers to a greater extent. The diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients are of particular scientific and practical interest when working in conditions of special anti-epidemic control. Objective. To assess the possibility of reducing the frequency of hospitalization of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (NMIBC) during the Covid-19 period. Subjects and methods. Sixty-four patients with urinary tract malignancy, including 19 (29.7%) patients with low-and high-risk re-current NMIBC, were followed up in two clinics (Saint Petersburg, Russia) in March to October 2020. All the patients were oper-ated on;the patients at high risk for recurrence received a cycle of adjuvant BCG therapy. Methods for cytological examination of urine sediment and the biomarkers UBC and Cyfra 21-1 were used for special laboratory diagnosis;the server stations of both clinics were applied for telehealth consultations (TCs). Results. TCs were used to reduce hospitalization rates: after TCs, all the patients reported a reduction in transport costs and recovery time after hospitalization. TCs could protect the followed-up patients against COVID-19 infection, by observing the rules of clinical examination, and achieve maximum individualization of treatment. The authors refused to perform diagnostic operations for low-risk NMIBC and to use laboratory tests using urinary biomarkers. At the place of their residence, outpatients underwent urinalysis for several indicators, transmitting the result to the clinic's servers or through a monitoring system. Inpatient treatment was used only in cases of gross hematuria or after recording abnormal laboratory test results. Control cystoscopy detected no re-current tumor. Conclusion. During the spread of COVID-19, the periods of endoscopic examinations and control diagnostic operations can be post-poned, by replacing face-to-face consultations with TC monitoring. Outpatient laboratory and radiation examinations are indicat-ed in patients with new-onset gross hematuria or after combination treatment. Repeated operations, including diagnostic ones, should be performed in the case of multiple NMIBCs or after incomplete excision of the primary tumor.Copyright © 2021.
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The prevalence of scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination varies globally. The beneficial effects of BCG are stronger amongst children who develop a BCG scar. Within an international randomised trial (‘BCG vaccination to reduce the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare workers';BRACE Trial), this nested prospective cohort study assessed the prevalence of and factors influencing scar formation, as well as participant perception of BCG scarring 12 months following vaccination in healthcare workers. Amongst 3071 BCG-recipients, 2341 (76%) developed a BCG scar. Scar prevalence was lowest in Spain and highest in UK. Absence of post-injection wheal (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.2–0.9), BCG revaccination (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.3–2.0), female sex (OR 2.0, 95%CI 1.7–2.4), older age (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.4–0.5) and study country (Brazil OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.3–2.0) influenced BCG scar prevalence. Of the 2341 participants with a BCG scar, 1806 (77%) did not mind having the scar. Participants more likely to not mind were those in Brazil, males and those with a prior BCG vaccination history. The majority (2242/2341, 96%) did not regret having the vaccine due to scar development. Both vaccination-related (amenable to optimisation) and individual-related factors affected BCG scar prevalence 12 months following BCG vaccination of adults, with implications for maximising the effectiveness of BCG vaccination.
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The prevalence of scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination varies globally. The beneficial off-target effects of BCG are proposed to be stronger amongst children who develop a BCG scar. Within an international randomised trial ('BCG vaccination to reduce the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare workers'; BRACE Trial), this nested prospective cohort study assessed the prevalence of and factors influencing scar formation, as well as participant perception of BCG scarring 12 months following vaccination . Amongst 3071 BCG-recipients, 2341 (76%) developed a BCG scar. Scar prevalence was lowest in Spain and highest in UK. Absence of post-injection wheal (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.2-0.9), BCG revaccination (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.3-2.0), female sex (OR 2.0, 95%CI 1.7-2.4), older age (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.4-0.5) and study country (Brazil OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.3-2.0) influenced BCG scar prevalence. Of the 2341 participants with a BCG scar, 1806 (77%) did not mind having the scar. Participants more likely to not mind were those in Brazil, males and those with a prior BCG vaccination history. The majority (96%) did not regret having the vaccine. Both vaccination-related (amenable to optimisation) and individual-related factors affected BCG scar prevalence 12 months following BCG vaccination of adults, with implications for maximising the effectiveness of BCG vaccination.
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The explanations behind the wide spreadability of coronavirus sickness (COVID-19) are not known properly in this world. Several clinical investigations have indicated that the BCG antibody impacts on the immune system and human sicknesses which take part in the host system to such an extent that numerous types of viral diseases are extensively diminished or reduced. Subsequently, it was also observed in different studies that the recurrence and seriousness of numerous microbial or viral diseases, including COVID-19, will be lower in few countries where BCG Immunization programs are carried out. Few clinical investigations proposed by the epidemiological data have shown that the BCG antibody has a valuable impact in the treatment of COVID-19. So the BCG immunization may be found valuable in the coming months, particularly in the countries, where mass BCG immunization is done. Further thorough BCG immunization clinical trial is required to establish the above findings and its clinical significance. In future, this investigation will concentrate on the BCG vaccine and it may forestall the event of SARS-CoV-2 contamination and its succession in the large population.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.
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Background: Currently, the present world is facing a new deadly challenge from a pandemic disease called COVID-19, which is caused by a coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2. To date, no drug or vaccine can treat COVID-19 completely, but some drugs have been used primarily, and they are in different stages of clinical trials. This review article discussed and compared those drugs which are running ahead in COVID-19 treatments. Method(s): We have explored PUBMED, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, as well as press releases of WHO, NIH and FDA for articles related to COVID-19 and reviewed them. Result(s): Drugs like favipiravir, remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, ivermectin, corticosteroids and interferons have been found effective to some extent, and partially approved by FDA and WHO to treat COVID-19 at different levels. However, some of these drugs have been disapproved later, although clinical trials are going on. In parallel, plasma therapy has been found fruitful to some extent too, and a number of vaccine trials are going on. Conclusion(s): This review article discussed the epidemiologic and mechanistic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, and how drugs could act on this virus with the comparative discussion on progress and drawbacks of major drugs used till date, which might be beneficial for choosing therapies against COVID-19 in different countries.Copyright © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.
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Introduction: Google Trends is an online metadata platform that measures the relative search volume of every topic in online search engines. In medical settings, this behavior has been associated with active changes in people's perceptions and search for healthcare. This study aimed to evaluate the online search patterns of Portuguese extra-program and risk-based vaccination. Method(s): Analysis of the relative search volume was performed for extra-program and risk-based vaccines, in every Portuguese district between 2006 and 2021. Relative search volume was represented between 0 and 100 (highest interest in the query). Result(s): Rotavirus vaccine was consistently the most searched, followed by BCG and flu, the last of which, with abnormal peaks of search in November 2009 and October 2020. We registered a significant increase in the search for every vaccine in the last 5 years (p < 0.01). Particularly, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a more abrupt increase was registered for the flu vaccine, but most importantly for BCG (3,0[69,9] vs. 9,0[528,0]). Lisboa and Porto are the only Portuguese districts where percentual research is spread across all types of vaccines. On the other hand, in Portalegre, 84% of total searches correspond to BCG. Discussion and Conclusion(s): The recent increase in the interest in vaccination may translate into the investment of health professionals in primary prevention measures. However, the mediatic impact of pandemics is not neglectable. Health professionals must fight misinformation as it may have happened with the increasing interest in BCG, probably due to the protective association proposed with the infection by SARS-CoV-2.Copyright © 2022 The Author(s).
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Objective Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an immobile aerobic bacillus that causes tuberculosis (TB) disease. We aimed to evaluate the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), COVID-19-related drugs, TB reactivation, and TB incidence during the pandemic. Methods Eight patients who were diagnosed as having TB in Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University between March 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021, at the beginning of the pandemic, were enrolled in this study. The presence of COVID-19 infection was confirmed using COVID-19 antibody tests and the patients' COVID-19 history. We evaluated the demographic data, laboratory findings, imaging tests, and pathology results of all patients. Results We checked all our patients with TB using COVID-19 antibodies (immunoglobulin [Ig]G + IgM) or polymerase chain reaction. Seven of the eight patients were female (87.5%). The median age was 16 years. Family screening of all patients was negative, and they had bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine scars. Two patients had chronic diseases. One was diagnosed as having primary ciliary dyskinesia in our department (patient no. 8) and the second was under follow-up by the rheumatology department with a diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion There has been an increase in the incidence of TB in children, especially in adolescents, during the pandemic period. This may be due to the pathogenic structure of the COVID-19 virus with an unknown mechanism. In addition, lifestyle changes and changes in health care policies during the pandemic may have caused this. Further research should be performed on this topic.Copyright © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.
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Background: Ecological studies showed that countries with national Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination programs for tuberculosis prevention reported lower incidences of severe and fatal COVID-19 than countries without such programs. Several studies have demonstrated that the BCG vaccine can induce long-term trained Immunity in bone marrow progenitor cells. In this study, we tried to evaluate the relationship between tuberculin skin test results, BCG scar, and COVID-19 outcomes among patients with confirmed COVID-19. Material(s) and Method(s): This was a cross-sectional study. Cases included 160 patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Zahedan hospitals (southeast Iran) in 2020, selected by convenient sampling. PPD test was performed for all patients through the intradermal technique. Collected data included demographic information, underlying conditions, PPD test results, and COVID-19 outcome. Analysis was conducted utilizing ANOVA, chi2 test, and multivariate analysis (logistic regression). Result(s): The univariate analysis showed a positive relationship between older age, having underlying diseases, and positive tuberculin skin test results with the outcome of COVID-19. We also found a lower frequency of BCG scar among patients with death outcomes than recovered ones. In the multivariate analysis by logistic regression through the backward method, only age and underlying diseases remained predictors of death. Conclusion(s): Tuberculin test results might be dependent on age and underlying conditions. Our study did not show relationship between BCG vaccine and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Further investigations in different settings are required to reveal the efficacy of the BCG vaccine in preventing this devastating disease.Copyright © 2022 NRITLD, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Iran.
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An outburst of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become a grave threat to global health and the economy. As of May 13, 2020, a total of 42,81,838 cases have been confirmed, with over 2,92,376 deaths worldwide. In India, 75,048 cases have been reported to date with 2,440 deaths. Management of this new coronavirus (COVID19) has mainly focused on infection prevention, case detection, monitoring, and supportive care. As there is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for human SARS-CoV-2, therefore identifying the drug treatment options as soon as possible is critical for the response to the COVID19 outbreak. Pro-inflammatory cascade and cytokine storm play a key role in the pathogenesis of new coronavirus. A large number of therapeutic interventions such as antiviral, antimalarial, convalescent plasma therapy, BCG vaccine, mTOR inhibi-tors, Tissue Plasminogen Activator, Human monoclonal antibodies, Anti-parasitic agents, Immunoen-hancers, Nutritional interventions, JAK-STAT signaling inhibitors, ACE2 receptor modulators, and An-giotensin II receptor blockers have been either tried or suggested for effective treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 disease. Hence, we recommend that all the above potential interventions must be imple-mented in terms of their safety and efficacy through proper clinical experiments to control the emerging SARS-CoV-2 disease.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.
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SARS-CoV-2 has affected essentially all countries worldwide and caused millions of people to become infected and die. Therefore, it is extremely valuable to investigate new approaches to stop the most scarring ongoing pandemic. BCG vaccine has been proposed that it could reduce the rate of new COVID cases and limit the severity of infection since TB and COVID-19 have similar dominant effects, such as cytokine storm and improper immune response. This review aimed to focus on the latest literature data on trained immunity as well as the possible cross protection effect of BCG vaccine against COVID-19. The first immune response to BCG vaccines has started with the stimulation of adaptive immune response and establishment of the immunological memory of antigen-specific T and B cells to target infectious agents. In the past years, innate immune response was thought to be not having the talent to adapt and "learn” from previous exposure to a pathogen. Trained immunity is conceivable as 'de facto' innate immune system memory. Some researches argue that there is a strong relationship between BCG immunization and COVID-19 although some are against this argument. Based on the data obtained from different research studies and ongoing clinical trials, there is still no evidence that BCG vaccine is effective against COVID-19. Besides assumptions, knowns and unknowns, the clinical efficiency of BCG vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 should be validated by accurate scientific clinical reports in different age groups to understand the potential benefits of BCG vaccine to limit COVID-19 incidence and mortality.
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Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by impaired immunity against intracellular pathogens, such as mycobacteria, attenuated Mycobacterium bovis-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine strains, and environmental mycobacteria in otherwise healthy individuals. Retrospective study reviewed the clinical, immunological, and genetic characteristics of patients with MSMD in Mexico. Overall, 22 patients diagnosed with MSMD from 2006 to 2021 were enrolled: 14 males (64%) and eight females. After BCG vaccination, 12 patients (70%) developed BCG infection. Furthermore, 6 (22%) patients developed bacterial infections mainly caused by Salmonella, as what is described next in the text is fungal infections, particularly Histoplasma. Seven patients died of disseminated BCG disease. Thirteen different pathogenic variants were identified in IL12RB1 (n = 13), IFNGR1 (n = 3), and IFNGR2 (n = 1) genes. Interleukin-12Rß1 deficiency is the leading cause of MSMD in our cohort. Morbidity and mortality were primarily due to BCG infection.
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OBJECTIVES: To test whether Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination would reduce the incidence of COVID-19 and other respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in older adults with one or more comorbidities. METHODS: Community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older with one or more underlying comorbidities and no contraindications to BCG vaccination were randomized 1:1 to BCG or placebo vaccination and followed for 6 months. The primary endpoint was a self-reported, test-confirmed COVID-19 incidence. Secondary endpoints included COVID-19 hospital admissions and clinically relevant RTIs (i.e. RTIs including but not limited to COVID-19 requiring medical intervention). COVID-19 and clinically relevant RTI episodes were adjudicated. Incidences were compared using Fine-Gray regression, accounting for competing events. RESULTS: A total of 6112 participants with a median age of 69 years (interquartile range, 65-74) and median of 2 (interquartile range, 1-3) comorbidities were randomized to BCG (n = 3058) or placebo (n = 3054) vaccination. COVID-19 infections were reported by 129 BCG recipients compared to 115 placebo recipients [hazard ratio (HR), 1.12; 95% CI, 0.87-1.44]. COVID-19-related hospitalization occurred in 18 BCG and 21 placebo recipients (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.46-1.61). During the study period, 13 BCG recipients died compared with 18 placebo recipients (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.35-1.43), of which 11 deaths (35%) were COVID-19-related: six in the placebo group and five in the BCG group. Clinically relevant RTI was reported by 66 BCG and 72 placebo recipients (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.66-1.28). DISCUSSION: BCG vaccination does not protect older adults with comorbidities against COVID-19, COVID-19 hospitalization, or clinically relevant RTIs.
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COVID-19 , Humans , Aged , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/prevention & control , BCG Vaccine , Vaccination , Hospitalization , IncidenceABSTRACT
It is postulated that vaccination against tuberculosis with Bacillus Cal-mette-Gue'rin (BCG) vaccine may translate into lower incidence of respiratory tract infections by modulating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by innate immune cells. This modulation may be due to epigenetic changes in these cells resulting in an increase in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 beta, IL-6 or TNF-alpha. It is not known whether the pulmonary vascular endothelium equip-ped with molecular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and with en-try receptors for human coronaviruses can be infected by them, or whether BCG vaccination may modulate its susceptibility to infection with these viruses. This study analyzes the effect of the HCoV 229E human coronavirus on human pulmonary vascular endothelium. Mo-reover, the influence of BCG sonicates on susceptibility to HCoV 229E endothelial infection and the generation of antiviral and inflammatory responses was assessed.
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Background: The routine vaccinations and acquired immunity by other viral infections were believed to be acting as a protective factor against severe COVID-19 outbreaks in some countries. Objective: This study is overviewing the relationship of routine BCG, MMR vaccinations and reported MMR disease outbreak with reported COVID-19 infection across the Indian states. Methods: The data on vaccination coverage and respiratory disease infection was obtained from Universal immunization program and Integrated disease surveillance project reports. Spearman rank correlation has been used to assess the relationship of routine vaccination and COVID-19 infection. Results: The result did not find any relationship of routine vaccination with BCG and MMR or exposure to MMR infection on COVID-19 infections in India. Conclusion: The exposure to BCG or MMR vaccination did not have a non-specific protection against COVID-19 infection. The results imply that a larger proportion of the Indian population is still vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. © The Authors retain the copyrights of this article, with first publication rights granted to Medsci Publications.
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The review considers data from 28 publications devoted to the specific impact of COVID-19 on the course of tuberculosis. It describes diagnosis and clinical manifestations in case of co-infection of these two diseases. Also, it discusses the social impact of lockdowns and restrictive measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic on the treatment of tuberculosis. The article discusses the impact of BCG vaccination on the immune response to the coronavirus. © 2022 New Terra Publishing House. All rights reserved.
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SESSION TITLE: Pathologies of the Post-COVID-19 World SESSION TYPE: Rapid Fire Case Reports PRESENTED ON: 10/18/2022 10:15 am - 11:10 am INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis, caused from infection by M. tuberculosis, affects 2.7 per 100,000 people in the United States. 1 Miliary, or disseminated, TB is a progressive disease characterized by lymphohematogenous dissemination of TB infection that occurs in only 1-2% of TB cases. Little research has gone into pulmonary complications post recovery from COVID-19 infection, especially reactivation of latent TB. Here we present a case of reactivation of latent TB and progression to miliary TB in the setting of post COVID infection. CASE PRESENTATION: A 49-year-old male presented to the ER with fever, shortness of breath, and chest pain. His CXR showed diffuse bilateral, multifocal infiltrates and laboratory testing later came back positive for COVID-19. Two days later, he came back to the ED with acute respiratory failure with 87% oxygen saturation with ambulation. A CT chest done that showed diffuse lung disease consistent with COVID-19 infection, and a right upper lobe lesion likely a granuloma (image 1). He was treated for COVID pneumonia for ten days in the hospital with Decadron, Lasix, and tocilizumab. He required high flow nasal canula during the hospitalization and was discharged when his respiratory status had improved. One year later, he returns with few days of hemoptysis, fever, and chills. He had a progressive cough and 19 pound weight loss overt the last month. Clinically, he appeared mildly diaphoretic without acute distress. He had a room-air oxygen saturation of 95% without labored respiration and did not have increased oxygen demand. CT of the showed diffuse pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities and uniform nodular consolidative changes in the upper lobes bilaterally with areas of cavitation and multiple areas of lung parenchymal changes consistent with miliary TB (image 2). Sputum culture was positive for acid-fast bacilli, and he was started on RIPE therapy with rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. He was symptomatically improved within one week of admission and was hospitalized until three negative sputum cultures were drawn. DISCUSSION: This case report gives us novel understanding of the extent of possible complications post recovery from COVID-19 infection. We have already started to see many patients who have recovered from an initial COVID infection, but progressed to secondary lung disease due to this. In our patient particularly, during his initial presentation he was seen to have upper lobe granulomatous disease with concern for latent TB. It is likely that due to the extent of damage done to his lung parenchyma over time it led to reactivation of his latent TB. As we see more patients recovering from COVID infections, we are likely to see more of similar cases of latent infection reactivation. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with latent TB are likely at a high risk of reactivation post recovering from COVID-19 infection, due to immunosuppression and lung parenchymal damage Reference #1: Trends 2019 ;Data & Statistics ;TB ;CDC. Cdc.gov. https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/statistics/tbtrends.htm. Published 2021. Accessed September 25, 2021. Reference #2: Rodriquez-Morales AJ et al. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of COVID-19: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis. 34: 101623 Reference #3: Colditz GA, Brewer TF, Berkey CS, et al. Efficacy of BCG vaccine in the prevention of tuberculosis. Meta-analysis of the published literature. JAMA. 1994;271(9):698-702 DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Sharmin Asha No relevant relationships by Heather Bernstein no disclosure on file for zachary brittingham;no disclosure on file for Vedee Ramdass;
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Background and aims: We present a study on the earliest cohort of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus who were admitted to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi. The primary objective of the study was to find the difference in the rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admission with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients based on BCG vaccination status. The secondary objective was to assess risk factors for ICU admission and clinical course of patients with COVID-19.
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Inflammatory reactions in the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) inoculation scar site have been previously described, in association with viral infections. The inflammation of the scar in association with other vaccines has been described with the flu vaccine and, more recently, after the second dose of mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (mRNA-1273 e BNT162b2), in two healthcare workers. We present the case of a 27-year-old female, without a relevant past medical history, including no previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and with inflammation of the BCG scar eight days after the first dose of the mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Pharmacovigilance and the notification of adverse events should be encouraged, as a way of warding off hesitation in this process.
Reações inflamatórias no local da cicatriz da vacina Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) foram previamente descritas em relação a infeções virais. A inflamação da cicatriz da BCG em relação à administração de vacinas foi reportada com a vacina da gripe, e, mais recentemente, após a segunda dose das vacinas mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 disponíveis (mRNA-1273 e BNT162b2), em dois profissionais de saúde. Aqui apresentamos o caso de uma jovem de 27 anos, sem história pregressa relevante, incluindo infeção por SARS-CoV-2, com inflamação da cicatriz da BCG oito dias após a primeira administração de vacina mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2. A farmacovigilância e a notificação de reações adversas devem ser incentivadas, de forma a não criar hesitação nesse processo.